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Innocent X
1574 – 1655 · aged 81
Pope from 1644 to 1655
- Born
- 1574 · Rome
- Died
- 7 Jan 1655 · Rome
Life timeline
Their life from birth to death. On the timeline, world events of the time are shown faintly.
- 1574BornBorn in Rome
- 1621 – 1625RoleApostolic Nuncio to the Kingdom of Naples
- 1626RoleLatin Patriarch of Antioch
- 1626 – 1630RoleApostolic Nuncio to Spain
- 1627RoleCardinal
- 1643 – 1644RoleCamerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals
- 1644 – 1655RolePope
- 7 Jan 1655DiedDied in Rome
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Meanwhile in the world
Major world events during their lifetime (1574 – 1655).
- 1642 – 1651English Civil War
Biography
Pope Innocent X (7 May 1574 – 7 January 1655; born Giovanni Battista Pamphili), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 15 September 1644 to his death, in January 1655.
Born in Rome of a family from Gubbio in Umbria who had come to Rome during the pontificate of Pope Innocent IX, Pamphili was trained as a lawyer and graduated from the Collegio Romano. He followed a conventional cursus honorum, following his uncle Girolamo Pamphili as auditor of the Rota, and like him, attaining the position of cardinal-priest of Sant'Eusebio. Before becoming pope, Pamphili served as a papal diplomat to Naples, France, and Spain.
Pamphili succeeded Pope Urban VIII (1623–44) on 15 September 1644 as Pope Innocent X, after a contentious papal conclave that featured a rivalry between French and Spanish factions.
Innocent X was one of the most politically shrewd pontiffs of the era, greatly increasing the temporal power of the Holy See. Major political events in which he was involved included the English Civil War, conflicts with French church officials over financial fraud issues, and hostilities with the Duchy of Parma related to the First War of Castro.
In theology, Innocent X issued a papal bull condemning the beliefs of Jansenism.
Text from the Wikipedia article Pope Innocent X, CC BY-SA 4.0
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