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Alexander III
1100 – 1181 · aged 81
Pope of the Catholic Church from 1159 to 1181
- Born
- 1100 · Siena
- Died
- 1181 · Civita Castellana
Life timeline
Their life from birth to death. On the timeline, world events of the time are shown faintly.
- 1100BornBorn in Siena
- 1150RoleCardinal
- 1159 – 1181RolePope
- 1181DiedDied in Civita Castellana
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Biography
Pope Alexander III (c. 1100/1105 – 30 August 1181), born Roland (Italian: Rolando), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 September 1159 until his death in 1181.
A native of Siena, Alexander became pope after a contested election, but had to spend much of his pontificate outside Rome while several rivals, supported by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, claimed the papacy. Alexander rejected Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos' offer to end the East–West Schism, sanctioned the Northern Crusades, and held the Third Council of the Lateran. He canonized Thomas Becket and Bernard of Clairvaux. The city of Alessandria in Piedmont is named after him.
Text from the Wikipedia article Pope Alexander III, CC BY-SA 4.0
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