Rodion Malinovsky

Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky (Russian: Родио́н Я́ковлевич Малино́вский; Ukrainian: Родіо́н Я́кович Малино́вський, romanized: Rodion Yakovych Malynovskyi; 23 November [O.S. 11 November] 1898 – 31 March 1967) was a Soviet military commander and Marshal of the Soviet Union. He served as Minister of Defence of the Soviet Union from 1957 to 1967, during which he oversaw the strengthening of the Soviet Army.

Born to an impoverished Ukrainian household in Odessa, Malinovsky volunteered for the Imperial Russian Army during the First World War and served with distinction in both the German Front and the Western Front. He was serving in the Russian Legion in France on the outbreak of the October Revolution, after which he returned to Russia and joined the Red Army in the Russian Civil War. After graduating from the Frunze Military Academy, Malinovsky volunteered to fight on the Republican side during the Spanish Civil War, where he again served with great distinction and was later awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner in recognition of his service.

Malinovsky emerged as one of the few competent Soviet generals in the opening phase of the German invasion. He played a crucial role in the Soviet victory at Stalingrad in December 1942, and helped drive German troops out of Ukraine following the Dnieper–Carpathian offensive. He then commanded the Soviet drive into the Balkans, forcing Romania to switch to the Allied side, for which he was made a Marshal of the Soviet Union by Joseph Stalin. He further took part in the liberation of Budapest, Vienna and Prague, cementing Soviet military supremacy in Central Europe. After the German surrender in May 1945, Malinovsky was transferred to the Far East, where he defeated the Japanese Kwantung Army in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. He received the Soviet Union's highest distinction, the title Hero of the Soviet Union, as a reward.